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(American Journal of Botany. 2004;91:274-284.)
© 2004 Botanical Society of America, Inc.

Systematics

Phylogenetics and biogeography of the neotropical fern genera Jamesonia and Eriosorus (Pteridaceae)1

Patricia Sánchez-Baracaldo2

Department of Integrative Biology and University Herbarium, and Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 USA

Jamesonia and Eriosorus are two traditionally recognized fern genera in the Neotropics that together form a monophyletic group. Molecular phylogenetic analyses for this study suggest, however, that neither genus is itself monophyletic and that several independent lineages with the jamesonia morphotype have each undergone a fairly recent radiation in páramo ecosystems. A robust phylogeny was generated based on sequence data of the nuclear external transcribed spacer (ETS) of 18S–26S rDNA, the plastid gene rps4 and the intergenic spacer rps4-trnS. Several conclusions can be made concerning the evolutionary history and biogeographic patterns of the Jamesonia-Eriosorus complex: (1) "jamesonia" is polyphyletic, making "eriosorus" paraphyletic; (2) all analyses recover three major clades in the Andes; (3) two well-supported clades can be recognized, corresponding to the northern vs. central Andes; and (4) the sister taxon of the Andean radiation is the Brazilian taxon Eriosorus myriophyllus. Jamesonia is a potential example of a recent adaptive radiation because the group is characterized as being morphologically and ecologically diverse and its habitat is of recent origin.

Key Words: adaptive radiation • Andes • biogeography • Eriosorus • ETS • Jamesonia • Neotropics • páramo • pteridophytes






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