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Juvenile growth and palatability in co-occurring, congeneric British herbs¹

²Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK; ³School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK

Differential sensitivity (DS) storage dynamics describe a temporal niche axis that determines coexistence of competing taxa through a trade-off between environmental insensitivity and competitive ability at the recruitment stage. In DS storage dynamics, when the relevant environmental factor is low, the more sensitive, better competitor preferentially recruits; when the environmental factor is high, the environmentally sensitive species suffers high mortality and the environmentally insensitive taxon preferentially recruits. A herbivore defense/growth rate trade-off at the seedling/juvenile stage could support this dynamic. We therefore compared juvenile palatability, a measure of anti-herbivore defense, and early growth rate for five congeneric pairs of native British herbs. All five comparisons showed a positive association between average individual growth rate and average palatability to a native slug species. We observed no evidence of associations between early growth rate and adult palatability or between early growth rate and life history strategy (annual vs. perennial). Seed mass was not associated with either early growth rate or with life history strategy whether or not relatedness was taken into account. We offer two explanations as to why we found statistically significant support for a growth rate– defense trade-off when within-species studies so often produce only equivocal results.

Key Words: differential sensitivity storage dynamics • growth–defense trade-off • herbivory • juvenile palatability • slugs • species coexistence

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