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This study by Duff and Nickrent represents the first use of mitochondrial small-subunit (19S) rDNA sequences to elucidate the deep branches of land plant evolution. They obtain strong support for the monophyly of hornworts, liverworts, mosses, lycopsids, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, while the basalmost clade, involving either liverworts or hornworts, is unresolved. (see p. 372)
Pistil suppression in the grasses
The grass subfamily Panicoideae is characterized by paired flowers, one of which is bisexual and the other male or sterile. Le Roux and Kellogg have identified controlled cell death in the subepidermal cells of the gynoecium as the basis of this major classical taxonomic character. (see p. 354)
Asteraceae: controversy and hypothesis
Panero, Jansen, and Clevinger address major controversies in Asteraceae systematics and use results from their chloroplast DNA restriction site study to provide a novel hypothesis concerning relationships in the mostly American tribe Heliantheae. (see p. 413)
Noyes and Rieseberg use ITS sequence data to test biogeographic hypotheses for the Astereae. Results show that basal Astereae are mostly woody species from Africa, Australia, and South America. North American Astereae, a diverse assemblage comprising over 70 genera and 1100 species, appear to have a single common origin from Southern Hemisphere ancestors. (see p. 398)
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